Reviewing the New Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act
The new Act seeks to amend the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act 1974. The provisions of the 1974 Act were not coherent with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and were proposed to be amended since the UNCLOS 1982 entered into force later. The new amended Act of 2021 has a completely new overhaul regarding maritime zone and has brought several changes to the provisions of the previous law of 1974. The Act has inserted several new definitions in section 2 such as Artificial Island, Continental Margin, Dumping of wastes, Martine Pollutions Installations, Internal Waters, Maritime Zones, Maritime Tribunal, Blue Economy, Seabed, Nautical Miles, Waste, and Warship. The newly added provisions address the sovereignty of Bangladesh over Internal Waters regarding water column, the seabed and its subsoil, and the air space, the extraterritorial application of Act which means Bangladesh has jurisdiction of trial against any person or vessel for any offense even if the offense committed outside of the Maritime Zones. Additionally, new 3A, 3B and 3C have elucidated the Rights of Innocent Passage in the Territorial Sea, criminal and civil jurisdiction over a foreign ship in the Territorial Sea, and the explanation of Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle (ROV), Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV). The new Act referred the jurisdiction and sovereign power of the Bangladesh government over the Contiguous Zone, EEZ and the prohibition on the exploration or exploitation in the EEZ. Under section 5, the government has power over the EEZ concerning exploration, exploitation, conservation and management of the natural resources and exclusive rights and jurisdiction for construction, maintenance or operation of an artificial island, off-shore terminal, installations and other structures and control of marine scientific research, to preserve and protect the marine environment and to prevent and control marine pollution. Additionally, section 5A bars any person to conduct any kind of exploration of the marine biodiversity without authorisation from the government.
India targets net-zero carbon emissions by 2070, says Modi
India’s economy will become carbon neutral by the year 2070, the country’s prime minster has announced at the COP26 climate crisis summit in Glasgow. The target date is two decades beyond what scientists say is needed to avert catastrophic climate impacts. India is the last of the world’s major carbon polluters to announce a net-zero target, with China saying it would reach that goal in 2060, and the United States and the European Union aiming for 2050.
COP26: What climate summit means for one woman in Bangladesh
China's carbon emissions are vast and growing, dwarfing those of other countries. Experts agree that without big reductions in China's emissions, the world cannot win the fight against climate change. In 2020, China's President Xi Jinping said his country would aim for its emissions to reach their highest point before 2030 and for carbon neutrality before 2060. His statement has now been confirmed as China's official position ahead of the COP26 global climate summit in Glasgow. But China has not said exactly how these goals will be achieved.
Why China's climate policy matters to us all
China's carbon emissions are vast and growing, dwarfing those of other countries. Experts agree that without big reductions in China's emissions, the world cannot win the fight against climate change. In 2020, China's President Xi Jinping said his country would aim for its emissions to reach their highest point before 2030 and for carbon neutrality before 2060. His statement has now been confirmed as China's official position ahead of the COP26 global climate summit in Glasgow. But China has not said exactly how these goals will be achieved.
Deliver on promises, developing world tells rich at climate talks
A crucial U.N. conference heard calls on its first day for the world's major economies to keep their promises of financial help to address the climate crisis, while big polluters India and Brazil made new commitments to cut emissions. World leaders, environmental experts and activists all pleaded for decisive action to halt the global warming which threatens the future of the planet at the start of the two-week COP26 summit in the Scottish city of Glasgow on Monday. The task facing negotiators was made even more daunting by the failure of the Group of 20 major industrial nations to agree ambitious new commitments at the weekend.