Carbon emission scenario: Following the right path for climate mitigation in Banglades
Burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas are the sources of emissions. Energy, industry, transport, agriculture and forest degradation are the major sectors that contribute to increased emissions. After the industrial revolution, human-caused greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mostly carbon dioxide (CO2), accelerated global warming and climate change. The global CO2 emission from various sectors in 2021 was 34 gigatons, and about 60% of the emission comes from 10 countries. Among those, China emits 24% followed by USA 12%, India 6.8%, Russia 4.1%, Indonesia 3.5%, Brazil 2.9%, Japan 2.4%, Iran 1.7%, Germany 1.6% and Canada 1.6%. The rest of the 100 countries, including the 46 less developed countries, contribute less than 3%. In terms of the source, the energy sector emits nearly three-quarters of global CO2 emissions, followed by agriculture. Within the energy sector, the largest emitting sector is electricity and heat generation, followed by transportation and manufacturing. However, land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) is both a source and sink of CO2 and has a key role in achieving net-zero emissions - a target that the global community wants to achieve by 2050. As the Covid-19 pandemic hit early 2020 with lockdowns worldwide, global CO2 emissions declined by 5.8%. Such a lockdown contributed to reducing almost 2 Gigaton of CO2. It is the largest ever decline, and the amount is close to five times greater than the 2009 decline that followed the global financial crisis. During the pandemic, CO2 emissions also fell further as demand for oil and coal declined on one hand and there was a global rise in renewable energy supply on the other. Despite such a decline, global energy-related CO2 emissions remained 32 Gt. And the concentration of CO2 reached its highest-ever average annual concentration of 412.5 parts per million (PPM)- which is the measurement of the daily global concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The current concentration is around 50% higher than the pre-industrial level of 275 and 285 ppm. With the gradual reopening of business in 2021, global CO2 emission rebound by nearly 5% in approaching the 2018-2019 peak, as revealed in the Global Energy Review 2021. Besides, the concentration jumped to 417 PPM in 2022, indicating a further temperature rise.
India targets net-zero carbon emissions by 2070, says Modi
India’s economy will become carbon neutral by the year 2070, the country’s prime minster has announced at the COP26 climate crisis summit in Glasgow. The target date is two decades beyond what scientists say is needed to avert catastrophic climate impacts. India is the last of the world’s major carbon polluters to announce a net-zero target, with China saying it would reach that goal in 2060, and the United States and the European Union aiming for 2050.
COP26: What climate summit means for one woman in Bangladesh
China's carbon emissions are vast and growing, dwarfing those of other countries. Experts agree that without big reductions in China's emissions, the world cannot win the fight against climate change. In 2020, China's President Xi Jinping said his country would aim for its emissions to reach their highest point before 2030 and for carbon neutrality before 2060. His statement has now been confirmed as China's official position ahead of the COP26 global climate summit in Glasgow. But China has not said exactly how these goals will be achieved.
Why China's climate policy matters to us all
China's carbon emissions are vast and growing, dwarfing those of other countries. Experts agree that without big reductions in China's emissions, the world cannot win the fight against climate change. In 2020, China's President Xi Jinping said his country would aim for its emissions to reach their highest point before 2030 and for carbon neutrality before 2060. His statement has now been confirmed as China's official position ahead of the COP26 global climate summit in Glasgow. But China has not said exactly how these goals will be achieved.
Deliver on promises, developing world tells rich at climate talks
A crucial U.N. conference heard calls on its first day for the world's major economies to keep their promises of financial help to address the climate crisis, while big polluters India and Brazil made new commitments to cut emissions. World leaders, environmental experts and activists all pleaded for decisive action to halt the global warming which threatens the future of the planet at the start of the two-week COP26 summit in the Scottish city of Glasgow on Monday. The task facing negotiators was made even more daunting by the failure of the Group of 20 major industrial nations to agree ambitious new commitments at the weekend.